Rational Number Functions

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Rational Number Functions
*************************

   This chapter describes the MP functions for performing arithmetic on
rational numbers.  These functions start with the prefix `mpq_'.

   Rational numbers are stored in objects of type `mpq_t'.

   All rational arithmetic functions assume operands have a canonical
form, and canonicalize their result.  The canonical from means that the
denominator and the numerator have no common factors, and that the
denominator is positive.  Zero has the unique representation 0/1.

   Pure assignment functions do not canonicalize the assigned variable.
It is the responsibility of the user to canonicalize the assigned
variable before any arithmetic operations are performed on that
variable.  *Note that this is an incompatible change from version 1 of
the library.*

 - Function: void mpq_canonicalize (mpq_t OP)
     Remove any factors that are common to the numerator and
     denominator of OP, and make the denominator positive.

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